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Coordinate Measurement Machines (CMMs) are used to automatically measure points on a part to verify that its dimensions and geometry match the design intent and drawing specifications. There are many variations and types of CMMs, however the most common type is the traditional bridge CMM. This has three linear axes which move perpendicular to each…

Introduction 3D scanning is one of the fastest growing technologies of the 21st century. 3D scanning is the process of collecting data from real world object to generate digital models. Since 2001 when Google used photogrammetry to produce a fully interactive 3D model of our planet, and Microsoft releasing the Kinect in 2010, through to…

The Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) is a standardised process used in the automotive supply chain to ensure that a part’s design and specification is properly communicated, implemented, and documented. The Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) was developed by the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) as a part of the Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP) framework. These…

Gauge R&R is the most common Measurement System Analysis (MSA) method used to practically determine the measurement uncertainty of equipment and inspection processes. A Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility Study, commonly known as Gage R&R or GR&R, is a Measurement System Analysis (MSA) tool used in metrology and the inspection industry to determine the equipment variance…

First Article Inspection (FAI) is the process of verifying that a new or modified production process meets the manufacturing specification, usually detailed in a technical or engineering drawing. Once a production process is established, it is necessary to verify it has been setup correctly. A first article inspection report enables manufacturers to establish confidence in…